Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand your scope of his automobile business, and he took control from it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses in addition to led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from firms he had acquired over the years to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the proliferation of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production with the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such since air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its size, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after this creditors were paid completely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared with Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the business's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers inside 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by the North American slump successful for imported cars during 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one particular million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment this senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 in addition to 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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