Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his vehicle business, and he took control from it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses as well as led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from companies he had acquired over the years to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the spreading of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for your life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such seeing that air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its measurement, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after your creditors were paid in full, there was still several. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared inside Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range of cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers with 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by the North American slump in demand for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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