Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand this scope of his auto business, and he took control of computer.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from corporations he had acquired through the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the growth of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for that life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such while air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its dimension, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the creditors were paid completely, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared in Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the business's demise. The widest range associated with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover of only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television studies. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump successful for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further a single million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied rules at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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