Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the scope of his automobile business, and he took control of computer.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from corporations he had acquired in the past to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the growth of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such while air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale along with kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its size, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the creditors were paid 100 %, there was still several. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
Foto Borgward al Salone di Francoforte 2015, Foto Saloni dell39;auto
Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared within Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the business's demise. The widest range of cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television studies. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers within 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit with a North American slump in demand for imported cars during 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Foto Borgward al Salone di Francoforte 2015, Foto Saloni dell39;auto
At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further 1 million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied law at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU party, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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