Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand this scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of the usb ports.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from firms he had acquired through the years to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such since air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies including Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale and kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its measurement, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the particular creditors were paid entirely, there was still several. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the firm's demise. The widest range involving cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover of only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television reports. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers inside 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by way of North American slump sought after for imported cars through 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further a single million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied law at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
Foto Borgward al Salone di Francoforte 2015, Foto Saloni dell39;auto
On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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