Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the particular scope of his automotive business, and he took control of computer.
The first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses along with led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from firms he had acquired through the years to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production with the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such while air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its measurement, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after this creditors were paid completely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared within Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the firm's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover of only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television studies. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers with 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by a North American slump sought after for imported cars through 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further a single million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 in addition to 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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