Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the company's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand your scope of his automobile business, and he took control from it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses in addition to led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from corporations he had acquired in the past to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for that life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such seeing that air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its size, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the particular creditors were paid 100 %, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared inside Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the businesses demise. The widest range associated with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump successful for imported cars through 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further a single million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 in addition to 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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