Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand the scope of his automotive business, and he took control from it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses in addition to led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that stayed in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from corporations he had acquired through the years to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the spreading of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for your life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such while air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its dimension, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the particular creditors were paid entirely, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared inside Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the businesses demise. The widest range connected with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television studies. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers in 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump in demand for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further 1 million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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