Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand this scope of his automobile business, and he took control of it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that stayed in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from companies he had acquired over time to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the expansion of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for that life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such since air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimension, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the particular creditors were paid 100 %, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the businesses demise. The widest range connected with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover of only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television studies. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers in 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit with a North American slump successful for imported cars during 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further one million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied law at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU party, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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