Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand this scope of his car business, and he took control than it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from corporations he had acquired through the years to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the growth of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production with the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such since air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale and kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its size, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the creditors were paid 100 %, there was still four. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared within Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers in 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by way of North American slump sought after for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further one particular million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment this senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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