Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand the scope of his automotive business, and he took control from it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses in addition to led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from companies he had acquired through the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation would not come naturally the growth of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such since air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its size, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the particular creditors were paid 100 %, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared in Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the firm's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any company in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers with 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump successful for imported cars while in 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Borgward Isabella. Both DKWs featured in an article in Restored Cars
By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further 1 million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU party, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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