Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand your scope of his automobile business, and he took control than it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses and also led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from firms he had acquired in recent times to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for that life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such because air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the particular creditors were paid entirely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared within Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the company's demise. The widest range of cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television studies. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers inside 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by the North American slump in demand for imported cars during 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further one million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment this senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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