Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the actual scope of his car business, and he took control of it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses in addition to led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from firms he had acquired in recent times to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the expansion of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production with the life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such while air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale and kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after your creditors were paid in full, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared inside Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the businesses demise. The widest range regarding cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers within 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump in demand for imported cars through 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further one particular million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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