Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand this scope of his auto business, and he took control than it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses and led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from organizations he had acquired in recent times to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for your life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such since air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies including Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its size, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after this creditors were paid in full, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared in Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the business's demise. The widest range of cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television reports. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers in 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by a North American slump successful for imported cars through 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further one particular million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU party, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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