Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of computer.
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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from organizations he had acquired in the past to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such because air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its measurement, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic price reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the actual creditors were paid in full, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared within Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range involving cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover of only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television reports. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers with 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by way of North American slump sought after for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further a single million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment your senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied rules at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
Borgward profite du salon de Genève pour annoncer son retour en 2015
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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