Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his automotive business, and he took control from it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses in addition to led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from firms he had acquired over time to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for that life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such because air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimension, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the creditors were paid in full, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared with Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the business's demise. The widest range associated with cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers inside 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump popular for imported cars through 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment your senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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