Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the particular scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of the usb ports.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses as well as led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from companies he had acquired in recent times to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production with the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such as air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its size, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic price reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the particular creditors were paid fully, there was still several. 5 million Marks left from the business.
Borgward BX7 rendered with front grilles from six other automakers
Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared within Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the firm's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers inside 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump sought after for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further just one million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied rules at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU party, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
Borgward, 48, vor einem historischen Borgward Isabella Coupé Foto: S
In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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