Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses in addition to led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from corporations he had acquired over the years to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the growth of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for the life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such since air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its sizing, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after this creditors were paid fully, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
Foto Borgward al Salone di Francoforte 2015, Foto Saloni dell39;auto
Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared with Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the firm's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover of only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers within 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by way of North American slump popular for imported cars through 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Foto Borgward al Salone di Francoforte 2015, Foto Saloni dell39;auto
At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further a single million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment your senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU party, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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