Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand your scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of computer.
The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over time to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the growth of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for that life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such because air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its sizing, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the actual creditors were paid 100 %, there was still some. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range of cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers with 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by the North American slump successful for imported cars through 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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