Borgward is surely an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his automotive business, and he took control of computer.
The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses in addition to led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over the years to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for that life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such because air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale and also kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the creditors were paid fully, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers with 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of North American slump widely used for imported cars during 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Posté le 24122009 à 14:20:47 Fabela News
Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further a single million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment this senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
Voici ciaprès les résultats des difficiles délibérations dujury:
Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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