Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the business's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the business in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand your scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from corporations he had acquired in recent times to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the growth of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for your life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such seeing that air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its size, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after this creditors were paid completely, there was still four. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range associated with cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover of only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit with a North American slump sought after for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment this senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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