Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the business in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his auto business, and he took control from it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses as well as led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from organizations he had acquired in recent times to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the growth of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for your life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such while air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies like Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale and also kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its size, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the creditors were paid in full, there was still some. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared inside Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the business's demise. The widest range involving cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers in 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by way of North American slump sought after for imported cars while in 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further a single million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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