Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the company's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of the usb ports.
Borgward BX7 rendered with front grilles from six other automakers
The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses and led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from businesses he had acquired in recent times to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation would not come naturally the expansion of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such as air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its sizing, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after this creditors were paid entirely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared within Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the firm's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit with a North American slump successful for imported cars during 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Borgward BX7 rendered with front grilles from six other automakers
Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further just one million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied rules at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU party, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
Foto Borgward al Salone di Francoforte 2015, Foto Saloni dell39;auto
In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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