Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his automobile business, and he took control than it.
The first "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from corporations he had acquired in the past to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the spreading of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production with the life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such as air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale along with kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its sizing, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the creditors were paid 100 %, there was still four. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range involving cars from any company in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television studies. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers in 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump widely used for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further a single million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU party, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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