Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the company's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the business in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand this scope of his car business, and he took control of computer.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over time to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the spreading of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production with the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such because air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its measurement, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still four. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the company's demise. The widest range involving cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers inside 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump widely used for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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