Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the scope of his automotive business, and he took control of computer.
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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the however three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses and led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from companies he had acquired over time to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the spreading of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production to the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such while air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its sizing, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after this creditors were paid entirely, there was still several. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared in Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the company's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers inside 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump in demand for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further one million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied law at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 in addition to 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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