Borgward is surely an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his automobile business, and he took control of computer.
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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses and also led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that stayed in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from firms he had acquired in the past to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such seeing that air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its measurement, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic price reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared within Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the company's demise. The widest range of cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers with 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump sought after for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further a single million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment this senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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