Borgward is surely an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the company's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the scope of his automotive business, and he took control of computer.
The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses as well as led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from organizations he had acquired in recent times to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for your life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such as air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its size, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after the creditors were paid fully, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared with Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the business's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television reports. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers inside 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by way of North American slump widely used for imported cars while in 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further just one million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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