Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his automotive business, and he took control of it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from companies he had acquired through the years to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the growth of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production to the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such while air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale and also kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its measurement, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the actual creditors were paid 100 %, there was still some. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared inside Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the businesses demise. The widest range connected with cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers inside 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by the North American slump widely used for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
BORGWARD BX7 / BX7 TS BORGWARD
At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
BORGWARD BX7 / BX7 TS BORGWARD
With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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