Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the scope of his automobile business, and he took control of computer.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses as well as led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from organizations he had acquired over time to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the growth of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for that life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such as air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its measurement, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after your creditors were paid in full, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the business's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television studies. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers with 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by the North American slump widely used for imported cars through 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further 1 million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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