Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the particular scope of his automobile business, and he took control of it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from corporations he had acquired over time to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which finally proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for your life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such while air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies including Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale along with kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimensions, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic price reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after your creditors were paid completely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared with Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range involving cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television stories. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by the North American slump successful for imported cars through 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further 1 million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment your senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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