Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the company's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand the scope of his auto business, and he took control than it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses and led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from firms he had acquired in recent times to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the proliferation of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such since air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its sizing, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after your creditors were paid completely, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the company's demise. The widest range of cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers within 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump sought after for imported cars while in 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further just one million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied law at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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