Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand your scope of his automobile business, and he took control than it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses in addition to led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from firms he had acquired over time to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation did not come naturally the expansion of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such since air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale and also kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its sizing, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the creditors were paid entirely, there was still several. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared within Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the businesses demise. The widest range involving cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover of only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers within 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by the North American slump popular for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Frankfurt 2015: Borgward BX7 SUV officially revealed
Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further just one million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment your senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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