Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the business's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand this scope of his car business, and he took control of the usb ports.
Foto Borgward al Salone di Francoforte 2015, Foto Saloni dell39;auto
The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses along with led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over time to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the growth of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for that life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such because air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimension, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
Foto Borgward al Salone di Francoforte 2015, Foto Saloni dell39;auto
Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared inside Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the businesses demise. The widest range connected with cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers with 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump successful for imported cars while in 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further 1 million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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