Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the business's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the place in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand your scope of his automobile business, and he took control of computer.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from companies he had acquired in recent times to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such since air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its measurement, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after this creditors were paid entirely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared inside Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the company's demise. The widest range of cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers inside 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit with a North American slump widely used for imported cars during 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further one particular million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied rules at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 in addition to 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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