Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his auto business, and he took control than it.
Borgward продемонстрирует свою 1ю модель
The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses and led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from corporations he had acquired over time to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for that life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such since air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic price reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the creditors were paid fully, there was still four. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared in Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the firm's demise. The widest range involving cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers inside 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit with a North American slump in demand for imported cars while in 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further one particular million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment this senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU party, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
1960 Borgward P 100 Factory 1961 Isabella Coupe
With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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