Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his car business, and he took control of computer.
The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses as well as led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from firms he had acquired over the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the expansion of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production with the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such as air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimension, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the creditors were paid fully, there was still some. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range of cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers inside 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by way of North American slump sought after for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further a single million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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