Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand your scope of his automotive business, and he took control than it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses along with led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from organizations he had acquired through the years to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation would not come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for that life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such since air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale and kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimension, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the actual creditors were paid fully, there was still some. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the business's demise. The widest range of cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television stories. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers in 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump widely used for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further just one million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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