Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the business's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the business in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand your scope of his automotive business, and he took control than it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses in addition to led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from corporations he had acquired over the years to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the proliferation of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such since air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale along with kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after your creditors were paid in full, there was still several. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television reports. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers within 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by the North American slump popular for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further 1 million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
Borgward, 48, vor einem historischen Borgward Isabella Coupé Foto: S
With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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