Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the company's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the particular scope of his automobile business, and he took control than it.
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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses and led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from corporations he had acquired through the years to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation did not come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such while air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its sizing, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after your creditors were paid completely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left from the business.
Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared within Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the businesses demise. The widest range associated with cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers in 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by a North American slump in demand for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further 1 million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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