Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand the scope of his automobile business, and he took control of it.
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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that stayed in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from firms he had acquired in the past to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for your life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such because air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies including Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its measurement, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after your creditors were paid entirely, there was still several. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared in Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the businesses demise. The widest range of cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers with 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by the North American slump successful for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further a single million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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