Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the company's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the scope of his automobile business, and he took control of it.
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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from firms he had acquired over the years to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation would not come naturally the spreading of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for your life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such seeing that air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale and kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its dimension, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic price reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the actual creditors were paid in full, there was still several. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared in Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range of cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover of only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers in 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by way of North American slump sought after for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further one million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied law at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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