Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the company's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his automobile business, and he took control of the usb ports.
The first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses as well as led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from firms he had acquired through the years to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation would not come naturally the growth of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production with the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such as air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale and kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its measurement, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the actual creditors were paid entirely, there was still several. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared with Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the firm's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television reports. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers in 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by a North American slump popular for imported cars during 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further just one million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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