Borgward is surely an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the business in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand this scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses as well as led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from firms he had acquired over the years to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production with the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such since air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after your creditors were paid completely, there was still 5. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared inside Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range connected with cars from any company in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover of only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers inside 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump popular for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further just one million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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