Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand your scope of his automobile business, and he took control from it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from companies he had acquired over the years to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such as air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimensions, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the actual creditors were paid 100 %, there was still some. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared in Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the businesses demise. The widest range of cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers inside 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by way of North American slump sought after for imported cars through 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further just one million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment this senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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