Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the business's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his auto business, and he took control of it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses as well as led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over time to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production to the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such as air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies including Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its dimension, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still several. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared inside Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the firm's demise. The widest range involving cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers within 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump successful for imported cars while in 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further 1 million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment your senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU party, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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