Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand this scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of it.
Foto Borgward al Salone di Ginevra 2015, Foto Saloni dell39;auto
The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from organizations he had acquired over the years to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for that life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such seeing that air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale and also kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its sizing, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after the actual creditors were paid in full, there was still four. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the business's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by a North American slump widely used for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Foto Borgward al Salone di Ginevra 2015, Foto Saloni dell39;auto
By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further one million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
Retour de la marque Borgward au Salon de Genève 2015 Autofocus.ca
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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